Canadian broadband policy is under review. And, it should be. Through the years, Canada has taken a number of stabs at development of a national broadband strategy.

The CRTC is in the midst of its Notice of Consultation on the Wholesale High-speed Access Service Framework, including a significant reconsideration of regulatory tools for wholesale broadband. Furthermore, earlier this week, reply comments for the CRTC’s Broadband Fund Policy Review were due. These initiatives could have long-term impacts on the functioning of the Canadian broadband markets, access and the state of competition.

On Wednesday, October 18, a half day event in Toronto will examine national broadband policies in Canada, and around the world.

Participants will explore a variety of questions in pursuit of a successful broadband policy, including:

• What are the workable alternatives for government?
• How should everybody be included?
• How should companies invest and innovate?
• How should a competitive marketplace be built?
• How should the increased government funding for broadband be used?
• What will Artificial Intelligence and a metaverse mean for broadband policy?

National and international experts will provide perspectives from other countries and regions, together with discussions of on-going developments in Canada by senior government officials.

Confirmed speakers include:

• Andre Arbour, Director General, Telecommunications and Internet Policy, ISED
• Erik Bohlin, Professor, Ivey Business School, and Ivey Chair in Telecommunication Economics, Policy and Regulation
• Carlo Cambini, Professor, Politecnico di Torino
• Annegret Groebel, Director International Relations, Bundesnetzagentur
• Heather Hudson, Professor Emerita, University of San Francisco
• Sarah Oh Lam, Senior Fellow, Technology Policy Institute
• Romel Mostafa, Director, Lawrence National Centre for Policy and Management, Ivey Business School
• Eli Noam, Professor, Columbia University
• Gérard Pogorel, Professor Emeritus, Télécom Paris
• Adam Scott, Vice Chair, CRTC
• Ian Scott, Former Chair, CRTC
• Georg Serentschy, Serentschy Advisory Services
• Glenn Woroch, Adjunct Professor, University of California at Berkeley

This workshop, Comparative Perspectives on Broadband Regulation and Access, is funded in part by the Ivey Chair in Telecommunication Economics, Policy and Regulation, as well as the Lawrence National Centre for Policy and Management at the Ivey Business School. Registration includes lunch, all sessions, and a cocktail reception to wrap up the day. It all takes place at Ivey’s Donald K. Johnson Centre in the Exchange Tower at 130 King Street West in the heart of Toronto’s financial district.

The full agenda [pdf, 450KB] and registration information are available on the event website.

Be prepared.

That was my key takeaway from last week’s release from the Canadian Telecommunications Association, “Internet and Cellphone Preparations and Best Practices for Hurricane and Storm Season”.

Issued in advance of Hurricane Lee hitting the Atlantic provinces, the press announcement pointed to the website <TelecomPrepare.ca> and brochure, “Preparing for Severe Weather Events & Other Emergencies” [pdf, 553 KB].

Extreme weather events such as hurricanes, wildfires, and snow and ice storms are becoming more commonplace endangering Canadians, damaging property, and posing a risk to critical infrastructure, including telecommunications networks.

Canadian telecommunications providers are continually investing to strengthen their networks to better withstand extreme weather events and other natural disasters. They have also partnered with governments, public safety officials, power companies, and each other to help maintain connectivity when people need it most.

Despite these preparations, power supply, poles and cables, and other equipment can still be impacted, sometimes resulting in temporary service outages. To prepare, there are steps you can take to protect you and your family, including keeping your devices charged.

Sections include:

1. Monitor Weather and Be Ready for Emergency Alerts
2. Prepare for Power Outages
3. Create an Emergency Communications and Critical Information Plan
4. Preserve Battery Power
5. Help Reduce Network Congestion
6. Placing 9-1-1 Calls

This past weekend, when power outages from the storm meant people lost access to residential TV and internet service, many people turned to their mobile devices for connectivity. That added extraordinary load on wireless networks, leading to congestion.

Telecommunications services providers have been investing in improved network resilience and have a mutual support agreement in place to increase continuity in times of emergency including weather related events. Still, communications can be impacted by loss of power, or downed poles, cables, and towers, resulting in reduced network performance or temporary service outages.

Bell Aliant issued a tweet through the weekend explaining the steps being followed to restore service in the wake of storm damage. The storm wrought significant damage to provincial power lines which inevitably impacts telecommunications service continuity. Downed power lines create a hazard for crews trying to access damaged telecom infrastructure. Authorized crews can only work once conditions are safe to do so.

Bell Aliant’s Network Recovery website indicated:

Bell’s network is designed to withstand extreme weather with extra layers of protection like redundancy paths, and network battery and generator backup systems to minimize the risk of disruption if commercial power is lost.

In advance of Hurricane Lee, we have activated our internal emergency response process for 24/7 planning and coordination of our response to the evolving situation. Additional preparations included:

• Comprehensive network review to ensure stability
• Fuelling our fleet of generators and vehicles
• Positioning generators to critical sites that support high-density fibre routes and public safety communications
• Having crews and resources from other regions on standby to support restoration if needed
• Communicating with provincial EMOs, premiers’ offices, key federal ministers and other local partners to ensure effective coordination and support
• Working collaboratively with other network providers, like Eastlink, Telus and Rogers and local power companies

As Canadian Telecommunications Association President and CEO Robert Ghiz said, in advance of storms we need to be prepared. “We are recommending that individuals take the necessary precautions that can help them stay connected when it matters most.”

Be prepared.

This year, Rosh Hashana, the two-day holiday marking the Jewish New Year, begins Friday evening, September 15. Rosh Hashana, literally “head of the year”, is the start of the year 5784.

This year is unusual in that the holiday coincides with the weekend.

As I have explained over the past few years, Rosh Hashana is very different from the celebrations marking the arrival of January 1; it is a time of reflection and introspection, reviewing the past year, and looking ahead to the next.

The first month in the Jewish calendar is called Tishrei and it is filled with holidays and what should properly be termed Holy Days. Rosh Hashana is on the 1st and 2nd of Tishrei (September 16-17); Yom Kippur is on the 10th (September 25); Sukkot runs from the 15th to the 22nd of Tishrei (September 30 – October 7); and, the holidays wrap up with Simchat Torah on the 23rd of Tishrei (October 8). The first two days and last two days of Sukkot are special days of observance. Combined with Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur, there are 7 holy days in the next month, all but one (Yom Kippur) taking place on a weekend this year.

There are some years (such as last year) that the holidays fall during the work week, meaning that observant Jews need to take up to 7 days away from the office over the course of one month. I remember starting work for Bell Northern Research in Raleigh, North Carolina just after Labour Day in 1987. On my first day at work, I informed my new boss that Rosh Hashana would be taking place a little over two weeks later and I would not be at the office on those two days. Fortunately, Yom Kippur was on a Saturday, so I was only taking two days, not three. It was an interesting conversation to have as a new employee, since I needed to be clear that I wasn’t asking for the time off; I was informing him clearly that I would not be in the office on those two days. I was firm, and we worked it out. I’m not sure the world has improved a lot in making reasonable accommodations for religious observance.

Most years, there are large numbers of Jewish students worried about missing classes early in the school year, or new employees who don’t share my confidence in arranging for time off for religious observances. Please try to help your employees, your colleagues, your students, by making those conversations more comfortable.

Over the course of a year, the journey we travel often takes some detours, presenting challenges along the way. It is rarely a smooth, incident-free trip. Sometimes, it feels more like we are riding a roller coaster. Still, we press ahead, continuing to approach each day with a positive outlook, moving forward one step at a time.

The greeting you may hear is “Shana tova”, wishing you a good year. May the year ahead be marked by good health, by personal and professional growth, and may it be a year of peace for all of us.

I am trying out Bluesky, the relatively new social media app.

You can find me there at: @markgoldberg.bsky.social. Let me know if you are trying out a Twitter alternative.

What happened to Twitter? According to an article last week, Twitter has lost 90% of its value since being acquired by Elon Musk. “If X indeed proves a financial cataclysm, people are likely to forget the excuses, and examine the careening missteps from its mercurial sole proprietor.” I am certain there will be business school case studies written about the way $40 billion of value evaporated so rapidly through self-inflicted wounds.

“Move fast and break things” was an internal motto used by Facebook, as described in a 2009 Mark Zuckerberg interview with Henry Blodget for Business Insider. “Unless you are breaking stuff, you are not moving fast enough.”

But by 2014, another Business Insider interview had Facebook’s founder saying, “We’ve changed our internal motto from ‘Move fast and break things’ to ‘Move fast with stable infrastructure.'” Maybe Twitter’s owner Elon Musk missed that second part. (He has been very good at breaking things.)

“Move Fast and Break Things: How Facebook, Google, and Amazon Cornered Culture and Undermined Democracy” is the title of a 2017 book by Jonathan Taplin that might be worth revisiting.

From the introduction:

The astonishing and precipitous decline in revenue paid to content creators has nothing to do with the idea that people are listening to less music, reading less, or watching fewer movies and TV shows. In fact, all surveys point to the opposite – the top searched Google items are all about entertainment categories. It is not a coincidence that the rise of digital monopolies has led to the fall of content revenues. The two are inextricably linked.

The book helps to understand the motivation behind Canada’s Online Streaming Act and Online News Act. We can argue about whether these pieces of legislation followed the right approach. Indeed, Canadian policy makers, academics, and stakeholders are continuing to have those arguments.

Contrary to what techno-determinists want us to believe, inequality is not the inevitable byproduct of technology and globalization, or even the lopsided distribution of genius. It is a direct result of the fact that since the rise of the Internet, policy makers have acted as if the rules that apply to the rest of the economy do not apply to Internet monopolies. Taxes, antitrust regulation, intellectual property law – all are ignored in regulating the Internet industries.

I have been writing about “Taming the Internet” since the earliest days of this blog. Remember John Perry Barlow’s “Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace”?

Just a couple years ago, I wrote “Taming the World Wild Web”, concluding, “It’s no longer a question of whether the World Wild Web can be tamed. The key question is how.”

How do we regulate internet content without infringing freedoms of expression?

Canada seems determined to chart its own path. We will track those legislative initiatives as Parliament resumes next week. But, how does Canadian regulatory action fit within a global context? Last Friday, an US appeals court ruled “that the Biden administration most likely overstepped the First Amendment by urging the major social media platforms to remove misleading or false content about the Covid-19 pandemic”.

You can find me exploring those issues and more on these platforms:

• as markgoldberg2 on LinkedIn;
• as mark_goldberg on Twitter (X);
• as markgoldberg.bsky.social on Bluesky.

I once wrote “Twitter is like Coffee Crisp”:

Twitter makes a nice light snack but it is no replacement for a complete and balanced dinner. Of course, we don’t always have time for a multi-course balanced spread, but I have to think that a diet comprised solely of junk food will catch up to you in time.

For your more complete telecom dining experience, pass up the social media snacking, and bookmark this site.

How do we encourage universal broadband connectivity?

In Canada, government funding programs have focused on stimulating access to broadband. Canada’s regulator has been tracking its objective for every household in Canada to have the ability to subscribe to a broadband connection with 50 Mbps down, 10 Mbps up and unlimited download by the year 2031.

In my post a few weeks ago (“Digital inclusion”), I wrote that it is one thing to have broadband available at every doorstep in Canada, it is something very different to get people to actually subscribe. Last week, I noted some of the research that is helping to understand the non-financial factors that are inhibiting broadband adoption.

It is worth highlighting a recent paper from the Information Technology & Innovation Foundation (ITIF), “Enabling Equity: Why Universal Broadband Access Rates Matter”.

High rates of broadband adoption benefit all of society, yet those who stand to benefit the most are also least likely to be online. Pushing hard for near-universal connectivity is crucial if we want technology to help bridge, rather than widen, existing divides.

The key takeaways in the report resemble themes common on these pages:

• High broadband connectivity rates are positively linked to factors such as GDP growth and stability. They enable jobs, promote resiliency in the face of disasters, and support the massive and growing digital economy.
• Huge online marketplaces of every stripe are subject to network effects: They become more valuable to every user the more users there are. For all these reasons, increasing connectivity rates is broadly beneficial.
• Broadband enables cheaper, more convenient access to critical resources such as health care and government programs, so people with the fewest resources are often the ones who stand to benefit the most from being connected.
• From every angle, getting offline groups online—and aiming for as close to universal connectivity rates as possible—should be a policy priority.
• Doing so requires both completing deployment and increasing adoption rates.

It is notable that broadband subsidy programs in the United States are funded by the US Government, not by the carriers. A White House press release in February estimated that as many as 40% of US households could qualify for subsidies. “Over 16 million households now saving $500 million per month, thanks to the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP)”.

Such a broad program of subsidies would not be sustainable if funded by the carriers themselves.

The ITIF report’s list of key takeaways concludes with a call for Congress and the administration to “sustain funding for subsidy programs such as the Affordable Connectivity Program (ACP), build economic impact analyses into them, and survey households that remain offline.”

ITIF recognizes that it will take more than low cost broadband to get every household online.

Canada’s communications industry has stepped in to provide the social services support for disadvantaged households where other jurisdictions rely on government funding. It is notable that NorthwestTel recently filed a proposal with the CRTC to offer deeply discounted broadband services to disadvantaged households.

Targeted offers of lower rates aren’t enough to drive universal broadband connectivity. But, these programs are an important part of the solution.

How do we develop a more holistic approach to connect the unconnected?

As we near completion of the job of bringing a broadband pipe to every household, what will encourage everyone to drink from that fountain?